Liverwort. The thallus (undifferentiated plant body) of a thalloid liverwort. Liverworts (class Hepaticae) are related to mosses. They grow in damp habitats and are found on the ground, and sometimes on tree bark. They have no true vascular tissue, but are attached to the ground by means of root-like rhizoids which are also responsible for some absorption of water and nutrients. Liverworts can reproduce vegetatively by fragmentation of the thallus or by producing specialised cell masses called gemmae. They also reproduce sexually by means of separate male and female structures which develop on the thallus, producing spermatozoids and egg cells respectively.