. Human genome research. Researcher preparing DNA for replication for research for the human genome project. The machines here replicate DNA to workable amounts using a type of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the substance which controls every character- istic of an organism. It is made up of two chains linked by bases. Specific sequences of bases are called genes, each of which performs a specific task. The human genome project aims to find the base sequence of all the genes in human DNA. This will allow for improved drug design and a greater understanding of genetic diseases. This is being done at the Sanger Centre in Cambridge, England. MODEL RELEASED