Basic illustration showing a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) particle, the causative agent of AIDS, binding to a CD4 receptor (green) on its host cell, a T-lymphocyte. The AIDS virus particle is spherical, about 100 nanometres in diameter. The particle is covered by a membrane (white), made up of two layers of lipid (fatty material) derived from the outer membrane of the host cell. Studding the membrane are glycoproteins, each divided into 2 components: gp41 (blue) spans the membrane and gp120 (brown) extends beyond it. The membrane/protein envelope covers a core (red) containing viral genetic material in the form of RNA (yellow).