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CAR T cell cancer immunotherapy
CAR T cell cancer immunotherapy. Illustration of CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) T cell immunotherapy, a process that is being developed to treat cancer. The first stage involves taking T cells (a type of white blood cell) from the patient (cells shown here). These cells are then treated with a virus (spiky objects) that transfers DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) to the T cells (a form of genetic engineering) that results in them producing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) proteins. These proteins will be specific to the patient's cancer. These modified T cells are then grown in the laboratory and used to treat the patient. The technique is known as adoptive cell transfer (ACT). Photo by KEITH CHAMBERS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
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