Cortisol molecule. Computer graphic of a molecule of the hormone cortisol (chemical formula: C21.H30.O5). The molecule is shown with the atoms as cylinders, and is colour coded: carbon is green, hydrogen is yellow and oxygen is white. Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal gland which is important in fat, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. It also helps regulate water balance in the body. Medicinally, it is used under the name of hydrocortisone as a local anti- inflammatory agent, usually in the form of a cream or spray.