Yttrium oxide molecules. Coloured atomic force micrograph (AFM) of molecules of yttrium oxide (Y2O3) on a thin film of yttrium. Yttrium compounds are used in superconductors and lasers. Atomic force microscopy is a technique used for imaging the surface of a substance at atomic resolutions. A thin probe is moved across the surface. It is spring mounted, and its movements as it follows the contours of the surface are translated into an image. Magnification unknown.