Cyanobacteria. Coloured Transmission electron micrograph of a single cell of a cyanobacterium also called blue-green alga Pseudanabaena sp. Blue-green algae maybe the first oxygen-producing organisms to evolve, thereby being responsible for the Earth's atmosphere. They are related to bacteria (prokaryotes) containing no membrane- bound nucleus; instead nuclear material is dispersed throughout the cell. Photosynthetic lamellae (layered structures green) are the primitive chloroplasts. The red circles at centre are polyphosphate granules. Pseudanabaena occurs as motile filaments of cells, called trichomes. Magnification: x24,000 at 6x6cm size.