Illustration of the 'greenhouse effect'. The build-up of certain gases in Earth's atmosphere traps an increased amount of solar radiation & leads to a gradual warming of the whole planet. The 'greenhouse' gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide & chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). They are generated by a wide variety of human activities, including industry, the burning of fossil fuels, increased agriculture & modern agricultural methods, & deforestation. Global warming is expected to cause massive changes in weather patterns & a rise in sea level (due to the melting of polar ice) that could flood coastal cities & plains.

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