Lung cancer. Coloured Computed Tomography (CT) scan of an axial section through the human chest, showing cancer of a lung. At lower centre is a white triangular bone of a vertebra. Dark lung fields are seen within the chest. In the left lung (right on image) is a malignant tumour (pink). Lung cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer. As here, it is commonly associated with cigarette smoking. It may spread locally to tissues surrounding the lungs or to other parts of the body such as the liver, brain and bones. Treatment may involve anticancer drugs or radiotherapy. Surgery may be needed to excise the tumour, or remove the lung. (pneumonectomy).