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Insulin receptor substrate 1 molecule
Insulin receptor substrate 1. Molecular model of the secondary structure of the protein insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), bound to a molecule of phosphotyrosine (ball and stick molecule). This protein is phosphorylated by the insulin receptor, a transmembrane receptor. Phosphorylation of IRS1 leads to an increase in glucose transporter molecules on the membrane of insulin-responsive tissues, such as muscle and adipose (fat) tissue, and so an increase in glucose uptake. A decrease in the activity of the insulin receptor leads to type 2 diabetes.
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