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Eukaryotic cell genomes, illustration
Eukaryotic cell genomes. Illustration showing the genetic material (genome, red) contained in both the cell nucleus (blue, lower centre) and in other organelles in a eukaryotic cell. The nuclear genome is much larger than the vestigial genomes found in the mitochondria (orange, upper left) and the chloroplasts (green) found in plants. The presence of mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes indicate that these were once independent organisms (bacterium and cyanobacterium respectively) that were taken up by an ancestral eukaryotic cell in what is called symbiogenesis or endosymbiotic theory. For this artwork with labels, see C023/8886.
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