Turkey: Antioch (Antakya) and Mount Silpius (Habib Neccar) from the west, c.1900

Mount Habib Neccar and the city walls which climb the hillsides symbolise Antakya, making the city a formidable fortress built on a series of hills running north-east to south-west. Antakya was originally centred on the east bank of the river. Since the 19th century, the city has expanded with new neighborhoods built on the plains across the river to the south-west, and four bridges connect the old and new cities. Both Turkish and Arabic are still widely spoken in Antakya, although written Arabic is rarely used. Although almost all the inhabitants are Muslim, a substantial proportion adhere to the Alevi and the Arab Nusayri traditions, and in 'Harbiye' there is a place to honour the Nusayri saint Htoaztoa r.<br/><br/><br/>The Nusayri tradition is a mixture of faith and denominations coexist peacefully here. Numerous tombs of Muslim saints, both Sunni and Alevi, are located throughout the city. With its long history of spiritual and religious movements, Antakya is a place of pilgrimage for Christians and Muslims. It has a reputation in Turkey as a place for spells, fortune telling, miracles and spirits.<br/><br/><br/><br/>The city has a long history of spiritual and religious movements, Antakya is a place of pilgrimage for Christians and Muslims. Antakya - ancient Antioch - was regarded as the western terminus of the great Silk Road, linking the Mediterranean world with distant Chang 'An (Xi'an) in China. China.