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Insulin receptor molecule, illustration
Illustration of the ectodomain of the insulin receptor complexed with bovine insulin and the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of an antibody. The insulin receptor is a transmembrane protein. The ectodomain is the part of the receptor that sits on the outside of the cell. Binding of insulin to the extracellular part of the protein activates a number of changes inside the cell that lead to the uptake of glucose, the synthesis of glycogen and fatty acids and glycolysis, the production of energy from glucose., by FRANCISCO J. ENGUITA/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY
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